Bit about sinharaja rain forest

 


Sinharaja Forest is one of the most valuable resources in Sri Lanka.  The forest, which is rich in biodiversity, has attracted a lot of attention in the last few weeks.  This is due to the government's permission to renovate the Lankagama road which runs close to the Sinharaja forest.  With that decision, many parties opposed it.  The protesters said that the rehabilitation of the road would cause severe damage to the Sinharaja forest, which has a sensitive ecosystem.  As a result, many people are now interested in the Sinharaja Forest, which was declared a World Heritage Site in 1989.


 Sinharaja is a forest bordering three districts


 The Sinharaja Tropical Wet Evergreen Forest, one of nature's wonders, borders Ratnapura, Galle and Matara districts.  The Sinharaja forest with an area of ​​11187 hectares is bordered in each direction as follows.


 * South - Gin river and stream


 * North - Napola River and Kosgulana River


 * West: Kalukandawa Canal and Kudawa River


 * East - Morningside Estate


 There are also 4 main roads to enter the Sinharaja forest.  Below are the four routes.


 1) Deniyaya-Pallegama road


 2) Kalawana-Veddagala road


 3) Rakwana-Morningside road


 4) Hiniduma-Neluwa road


A forest with several beautiful peaks


 There are 5 peaks in the Sinharaja forest which are more than 600 meters high.  The highest point of Sinharaja is Mount Hinipitigala which is situated at a height of 1171 m.  Below are the five highest peaks of Sinharaja.


 1) Kosgulana


 2) Sinhagala


 3) Moola sand


 4) Hinipitigala - East


 5) Hinipitigala - West


 The Sinharaja forest area receives 3000-6000 mm of rainfall.  The annual temperature of the area is in the range of 18-27 degrees Celsius.  The area is well-rained and has several beautiful waterfalls.  Brahmana Falls, Dusty Falls, and Pig Falls are some of those waterfalls.



                                                                                      

The plant system of Sinharaja consists of 5 main layers


 This biodiversity ecosystem has a plant density of about 240,000 per hectare.  Out of 340 species of woody plants found here, 192 species are endemic to Sri Lanka.  Of these 192 species, 15 are found only in the Sinharaja forest.  About 75% of the plants here are endemic to Sri Lanka.  Below are the top 5 layers of the flora in the Sinharaja forest.


 1) Neru layer- nourished by plants such as door, hora, bhu hora


 2) Canopy layer - nourished by plants such as barley, acacia, batu na, sandpiper, keena


 3) Sub canopy layer - nourished by plants such as Uberiya, Kitul, Gal Hadawaka, Malaboda, Katamoda


 4) Canopy layer - nourished by plants such as Kudumberiya, Madol, Athuketiya


 5) Ground layer- It is nourished by plants such as bee forest, waraniya, kappetiya and ginihota


 Species found in Sinharaja


 Villagers in the villages around Sinharaja say that elephants used to live in this forest in the past.  But at present the elephant population here has been greatly reduced.  But many species of animals such as deer, green leopard and deer can be seen in this forest.  Also, 8 out of 12 endemic mammal species are found here.  The forest is home to about 160 species of birds and about 18 species of endemic birds.  Among those species are the gray-headed gnat, the cockroach, and the anteater.


There are also 45 species of reptiles, 21 of which are endemic to Sri Lanka.  Among the endemic reptiles are several species of lizards, turtles and hiccups.  In addition, two very rare three species of snakes called Kenipathuwella and Kurun Karawala can be seen in Sinharaja.  The Mukalan lizard, Caramel Bodilima and the small horned lizard are also found in Sinharaja.

About 50 very rare species of amphibians live in Sinharaja.  The yellow wire worm frog, a species of limbless frog, lives beneath the marshy lands of Sinharaja.  About 40 species of mammals, 20 species of freshwater fish and 65 species of butterflies are found in the Sinharaja forest.



 

                             





                  

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